How does Marijuana disrupt your sleep?

Marijuana, and specifically THC (tetrahydrocannabinol), impacts sleep by disrupting the architecture of sleep and blocking rapid eye movement (REM) sleep. Andrew Huberman and Matthew Walker discussed that THC might speed up the onset of non-consciousness or falling asleep, but the brainwave signature of sleep with THC is not ideal, suggesting non-restorative sleep 1. THC's presence in the system results in a blockade of REM sleep, which is why many individuals won't remember their dreams while using it. Once they stop using THC, they often experience very intense dreams due to the REM sleep rebounding 2.

Additionally, Andrew Huberman mentions that THC and CBD from marijuana bind to endogenous cannabinoid receptors with a much higher potency than the body's natural cannabinoids. This outcompeting of the endogenous cannabinoids can lead to dependence, as regular users may not feel the natural effects of their own cannabinoids without the use of marijuana, resulting in heightened anxiety and disrupted mood when not using the drug 3.

Moreover, Chris Palmer elaborates on how THC can impair the function of mitochondria in the brain, contributing to premature aging and memory impairment. Chronic use of THC may harm overall mental and metabolic health due to this mitochondrial dysfunction 4.

Given the different and unpredictable effects of individual strains of marijuana, it makes understanding and managing its impact on sleep more complex. Indica strains, especially, may suppress activity in the brain in a way that makes people less physically mobile, potentially affecting the quality of sleep 5.

It is vital to remember that while THC may have some benefits related to anxiety relief and feeling relaxed, it has significant implications on the quality of sleep, REM sleep in particular, and could lead to dependence and other health issues when used regularly.