what ingredients of sunscreens should I look to avoid and look to include?

When selecting sunscreens, there are specific ingredients to avoid and others to include for optimal safety and effectiveness:

Ingredients to Avoid:

1. Chemical Sunscreens: These often contain ingredients like oxybenzone and avobenzone, which are designed to absorb UV light. There is some concern that these chemicals can act as endocrine disruptors, potentially affecting hormone pathways such as testosterone and estrogen synthesis 1. Studies have shown that these chemicals can enter the bloodstream in significant amounts, raising safety concerns 2.
2. Titanium Dioxide (in Nano Form): While not definitively harmful, there are suggestive concerns about its safety when used in nano form due to its potential to pass through skin barriers more easily 3.
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Ingredients to Include:

1. Zinc Oxide and Titanium Dioxide (Non-Nano Form): Mineral-based sunscreens containing these ingredients are recommended because they physically block UV radiation by reflecting it away from the skin. They are generally considered safer, especially for young children and for those concerned about chemical absorption through the skin 4 5.
2. Physical Barriers: Using clothing, hats, and staying in shaded areas are effective methods to protect against UV rays without worrying about potential risks from chemical ingredients 2.

By choosing mineral-based sunscreens or relying on physical barriers, you can reduce potential risks while maintaining effective sun protection. This approach is especially important for frequent or prolonged sun exposure 6.