Lee Cronin: Origin of Life, Aliens, Complexity, and Consciousness | Lex Fridman Podcast #269

Theory

Lee Cronin introduces assembly theory, which seeks to explain complexity by analyzing how objects can be broken down and reassembled. He uses the example of the word 'Abracadabra' to illustrate how the theory measures the minimum steps needed to recreate an object, highlighting its applicability beyond molecular space 1. Assembly theory allows for the objective measurement of complexity, distinguishing between objects formed by random processes and those created through causation 2.

   

Complexity

Cronin applies assembly theory to chemical complexity, revealing that natural phenomena on Earth cannot produce molecules requiring more than 15 steps to form. This insight provides a scale for identifying life and technology by analyzing molecular structures 3. He also envisions a future where chemical entities could communicate via social networks, further demonstrating the theory's potential 4.

   

Philosophy

The philosophical implications of assembly theory extend to the nature of time and causation. Cronin argues that time is fundamental and non-negotiable, challenging the idea of time being reversible or emergent 5. He suggests that causation and the emergence of life require a fundamental understanding of time, as molecular interactions and replicators depend on it 6.