Provide research about apigenin and sleep.

Apigenin may promote relaxation and help with sleep onset, but the evidence for sleep benefits remains limited.

• Chamomile and mechanism: Apigenin is derived from chamomile. It may act as a mild hypnotic by activating chloride channels, hyperpolarizing neurons, and increasing GABA-related inhibition, which can quiet thinking and promote sleepiness. 1 2
• Dose and timing: A commonly discussed sleep dose is 50 mg about 30 minutes before bed. It is also described as part of a combination with magnesium (threonate or bisglycinate) and theanine. 3 4
• Estrogen-related caution: Apigenin may have anti-estrogenic effects. The discussion cautions that estrogen levels matter for both women and men, and that lowering them could have unwanted effects, including on libido and cognition. 5 6
• Research strength: Some controlled studies are described, but the available evidence is characterized as limited and largely subjective rather than based on objective sleep measures; its effects are therefore still unclear. 7