17. Did humans evolve to be Carnivores or Omnivores? With Miki Ben-Dor PhD

Historical Diets

The discussion begins with an exploration of historical human diets and their evolution over millennia. Paul Saladino emphasizes the significant impact of dietary changes on human health and disease, suggesting that animal foods have been a primary fuel source throughout human evolution 1. Miki Ben-Dor adds that early humans were primarily meat-eaters, supported by paleolithic fossil records and evidence of hunting practices 2. This historical context sets the stage for understanding the role of meat in human diets.

   

Carnivorous Adaptations

The conversation then shifts to how humans have biologically adapted to a meat-heavy diet. Miki explains that isotopic analysis of collagen from ancient bones reveals that Homo sapiens and Neanderthals were high-level carnivores, primarily consuming large animals 3. He also notes that various physical and biochemical adaptations, such as brain development and digestive changes, support the idea that humans evolved as carnivores 4. These adaptations highlight the deep-rooted connection between meat consumption and human evolution.

   

Optimal Human Diet

Finally, Paul and Miki discuss what might constitute the optimal diet for modern humans based on historical and evolutionary data. Paul suggests that while humans can survive on plant-based foods, animal foods may be more optimal for health and performance 5. Miki supports this by pointing out that historical evidence shows humans have always prioritized meat when available, and the decline in large animals due to human hunting practices further underscores the importance of meat in our diet 6. This discussion underscores the potential benefits of a meat-centric diet for modern humans.